Professional Sports In The United States Of America, Most

Professional sports in the United States of America, most notably basketball and football, was one of the earliest job markets that Black males were able to succeed in on their own merit by using their bodies to obtain a profitable career. However, the relationship between White team owners, the White public, the predominantly White media and Black player continues to have a long complex existence with its genesis in racial exploitation. Black men were able to break into the sports industry because of the historical focus on Black male hypermasculinity - the exaggeration of male behavior that places an emphasis on physical strength and prowess. These stereotypes are deeply rooted in the history of slavery and the systems of oppression†¦show more content†¦White slave owners didn’t want their slaves to be intelligent and outspoken because these traits could lead to revolt and insurrection. The owners lived in fear of a revolt lead and backed by Black men who they saw a s ferocious animals. Black men are still killed today without recompense because many White people continue to view them as â€Å"dangerous† beings with the primary intent to be harmful. Just as Black men were expected to be strong and silent, Black women were expected to be meek. If these women were aggressive and independent, slave owners would lose their source of children who went on to continue the cycle. Rankine’s critique was a prose poem intended to comment on the societal stereotype of the aggressive Black woman. Through this work, the author wanted to make it clear that Black people have the right to be angry about the racism present within the country. Both Black men and Black women have the right to raise their voices as these same voices were and continue to be silenced by society. Because of their position within the world of sports, Black athletes have the platform and financial security to speak on injustice. Within her literary work, Rankine quoted M aurice Blanchot when she said â€Å"It is the White Man who creates the Black man. But it is the Black man who creates. This thing was there, we grasped it in the living motion.†Show MoreRelatedImportant Sports in the Society of The United States Essay1142 Words   |  5 Pages Sports are important in the society of the United States. Sports promote and motivate the development of physical fitness and sports participation for all Americans of all ages. The four major sports are most popular in the United States ; American football, Basketball, Baseball, and Ice Hockey. They are all enjoyed by not only americans, but also people in all around the world. Especially sports are associated with education in the United States. 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Frank Deford (Nov 7, 2012) a writer for Sports Illustrated said, Baseball is what we used to be. Football is what we have become. I refuse to believe this based on my knowledge of bo th games. In this paperRead MoreRussian And American Lives : Russia1044 Words   |  5 Pagesneighboring countries. America, known as the United States of America, is only the third-largest country in the world with a total area of 3,806,000 square miles. It also includes 4 time zones. The early history of Russia, similar to those of numerous nations, is one of moving people groups and old kingdoms. In fact, early Russia was not precisely Russia, but rather a gathering of cities that bit by bit mixed into an empire. The primary Europeans to build up states in North America were the Spanish.Read MoreUnequal Pay Causes the Womens Professional Soccer to Fail649 Words   |  3 Pagesmakes the United States of America different from other nations. 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God is responsible for everything that happens Free Essays

God is responsible for everything that happens in the universe – Discuss The idea of God being responsible for everything within the universe is disputed both within religion itself and outside of religion. The Bible assures that God has onmiqualities, which suggest that nothing happens outside of Gods control. But it also states that some things happen which are not part of God’s will. We will write a custom essay sample on God is responsible for everything that happens or any similar topic only for you Order Now If God is responsible, then why do we pray if God is in control of future events or have free will? In order to disagree with this statement, it could then God must be responsible or evil. However for many Christians, this is not the case, as God is not capable of evil. In the Bible, God is considered to be eternally or perfectly good and the source of all goodness. Because of this, God is neither capable of bad or tempted by evil. Due to God being omnibenevolent and perfectly good, God cannot be responsible for any bad which happens. Many would argue that if God is omnibenevolent, he wouldn’t cause pain or suffering, because an all loving God, to cause such evil contradicts the benevolent quality of God. However, it is often said that God causes suffering, such as the death of a loved one, in order to teach humanity a lesson. In this case it might be to make the deceased’s family and friend value life and encourages us to live life to its full and not take living a happy and healthy life for granted. By causing evils such as natural disasters, God could be seen to be teaching humans to care for the vulnerable. Pain and suffering makes for better people, which could be seen as God’s intention. Suggesting that God is responsible for everything hich happens, even evil, as the negatives only highlight the positives. Another argument against this statement is free will, given to man by God. It’s impossible for God to be responsible for everything that humans do, if they employ free will. Free will implies that people make their own decisions, as to how to act. Therefore making themselves responsible for their own actions, instead of God. This however only makes God not responsible for humanitys actions and not animals, as they have not been given the freedom of choice, as they don’t have the ability to reason. The creation stories in Genesis could be used in order to suggest that God is responsible for all that happens. This is because God is the ultimate creator. He is described as having created every aspect of the universe, including the land and sea. With regard to humans, in Genesis 2, God bring Adam into existence by breathing into his nostrils â€Å"breathed the breath of life into his nostrils†. By depicting God as the creator of the universe and everything in it, he is therefore responsible for everything in it. Just a tailor would be responsible for anything which might happen to the suit he made, with regards to its design, God is responsible for what happens to humanity and the universe as the creator. Against the idea of God been the creator of everything is that there are several things in the Bible, which have seemingly not been created. For example the darkness, which was chaos before the beginning of time. So to presume that God created everything, could be viewed as somewhat contradictory. The Devil is nother example ot something in the Bible which was not created. Theretore, it did not create everything, God cannot be responsible for everything that happens. In conclusion, for many Christians, it is reassuring to know that everything which has happened, has happened in God’s will. And that therefore there’s a reason for both good and bad to occur. But for others in disagreement, the argument of pain and suffering is one of the strongest in suggesting that God is not responsible for all that happens. How to cite God is responsible for everything that happens, Papers

Importance of the Knowledge Management-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Develop case based analysis according to your interest or current work. Identify any existing problem. Deploy 2 or 3 tools for problem identifications. Answer: Introduction The present report is targeted at the information consulting companies, which offer enterprise resource planning services to the organization. These companies offer resource management services to the customers, as the customer face several issues related to the enterprise management, business, situations, and problems. Different customers faces different issues related to the information consulting; therefore, it is important to identify an effective method to address the requirements of the organization (Tsai, Chang Chen, 2006). The present problem is identified with CATWOE analysis and RCA method. The CATWOE analysis is a simple method, which can stimulate thinking to identify the solutions to different problems. It analyzes the interaction between the system and the processes. It stands for Client, Actors, World view, owners, and environment. Clients: The clients of the current system are the stakeholders, who are affected by the system. In the present, it includes the customers, information service provider organization, and the employee in the information service provider organization. Actors: The actors in the present situation include the people, who implement the changes. It includes the employee and management of the service-provider organization. Transformation: The Company requires a knowledge management system, which can be used for storing the information in the system. World view: The world view refers is the process in which, a justification is provided for the overall system. A knowledge management system will ease the process for the entire organization, the employees can easily find the solution to the problems. They will not have to conduct through research for each and every problem. However, it will increase the convenience for each of the problem. Owner: The owner of the present problem is information intensive organization. Environmental Constraints: It includes the constraints, under which the system works, it includes the ethical limits, financial constraints, and the project scope. There are several issues, such as financial issues, and resource limitations, which can impact on the implementation of the system (Belton Stewart, 2002). The root cause analysis is used to identify the underlying causes in a particular problem. The 5 Whys technique is used to explore the cause and effect relationship in a particular problem. Why: the employees take lot of time in offering solutions to the clients Why: The employees have to thoroughly research for each and every problem Why: Individual research takes tome Why: There is no system to store previous information Why: The management has not developed an individual system for managing the knowledge in the organization (Castaneda-Mendez, 2012). Research Questions The research question of the proposed study is, the importance of knowledge management in information consulting companies? Literature Review Kwong (2016) has discussed that the present is the era of information technology, in which the information is considered as an important asset to increase the competitive advantage of the organizations. Due to the confrontation of this challenge, the companies are seeking new ways to increase their competitive advantage. In the past, different departments of an organization work in an isolated manner, without coordinating with each other. In the past, the computer systems were not that advanced; therefore, they cannot be linked and developed into an integrated structure. Recently, knowledge management systems have been developed which can be effectively used to address the market demand, reduce delivery time, and results in effective use of the organization resources. In the views of Dalkir Beaulieu (2017), the knowledge management system implementation includes planning, communication, and system establishment. The EROP system implementation initiates with the planning, communication, system implementation, and the system diagnosis. It has strong knowledge management implications for the organization. There are three levels of knowledge, the first level is that of data, the second level is information, which includes the sender, receiver and the information. The information includes the value, judgment, vision, intuition, and other values. According to Grover Froese (2016), the knowledge which exists in an organization can be divided in two categories. It includes explicit and tacit nature of information. The explicit knowledge is present in more objective or concrete form. This knowledge can be expressed by specific language, and it can easily propagate to other parts of the organization. The tacit knowledge is present within the personnel of the organization. It includes the information, which is developed by the personal emotions and experience of the people. It is subjective and unique information and cannot be solidified in the organization. It is a shapeless form of knowledge, and cannot be shared easily, with other parts of knowledge. There are different transformation models, such as, unification, externalization, combination, and internalization, which can provide suggestion for the knowledge management. The unification is the process, in which the information is converted by sharing the experience of every i ndividual of the organization. People exchange information with each other, which can be used to establish a mutual agreement. The externalization is the process, in which explicit information is developed through implication, analogy, assumption, and models. By effective and systematic management, explicit information is combined to form a methodical system of information sharing. In the perspective of Power, Sharda, Burstein (2015), the explicit information can be converted into tacit knowledge. The experience is internalized into the tacit knowledge by these processes. The knowledge management is the systematic approach to utilize the information so that the innovation, responsiveness, productivity, and capability of the organization. The knowledge management is used to transfer the information, experience, and operational procedure to develop the competitive advantage of the organization. The tools of the knowledge management can be used to convert the tacit knowledge of the organization into explicit knowledge. However, it requires intensive coordination process. The knowledge management is the process in which the innovation, responsiveness, productivity, and capability of the organization is developed. In the views of Donate de Pablo (2015), the purpose of the knowledge management is to create an integrated environment in which there is easy information exchange, and the knowledge is created for each employee. Two different strategies can be used in the knowledge management of the organization. The systematic strategy is the approach in which the knowledge is specifically classified and encoded. The encoded knowledge is stored in the database. This information can easily be accessed by every member in the organization. Another one is personalized strategy in which every employee of the organization has developed a personal strategy for the management of the knowledge in the organization. In this strategy, sharing and the exchange of the information is conducted through interpersonal contact. An organization can also use performance evaluation methods to assure that there is adequate provision for information sharing and flow in the organization. It can be critiqued that by proper matching with information technology, the companies can save the knowledge, present at the organization. It will assist the retrieval of the information from other people in the organization. It is a systematic strategy for the knowledge management. According to Gold, Malhotra, Segars (2001) establishing learning-type organizations can reform the system, and it can also change the information technology infrastructure, so that a unique structure can be created in the organization. A knowledge sharing infrastructure can also be created in the organization. The knowledge sharing can be divided into individual and groups. Teamwork is also an essential component of the knowledge sharing, which can be further divided into high and low interaction. The knowledge management can provide different models, namely, innovation, competency, responsiveness, and productivity. The personal competency begins with the personal knowledge. With the help of knowledge sharing, the organizations productivity can be enhanced. According to Gibbert, Leibold, Probst (2002), the combination of the personal competency and the teamwork can enhance the interaction between the users. The teamwork and personal competency can enhance the overall knowledge of the organization. The sharing of innovation with groups can enhance the probability of innovation. The organization can also receive advanced knowledge, which can enhance the responsiveness capabilities of the organization. In the views of Du Plessis (2007), the objective of knowledge management is to utilize the knowledge, and enhance the knowledge sharing so that the overall competiveness and the innovation capabilities of the organization. The learning organizations are those organizations, in which every employee makes continuous efforts for the learning and development. The knowledge development and the learning organizations are interlinked terms. The process in the knowledge management must be focused on the human resources, training and development and information technology of the organization. The human resource planning refers to the holistic development of the employees working in the organization. The personal training of the employees refers to the classification, accumulation, sharing, and propagation of the information so that knowledge management can be achieved. Several organizations are focused on developing as learning type of organizations; however, it requires radical change in the culture of the organization. In the perception of Esper, Ellinger, Stank, Flint Moon (2010), the organization is willing to develop and share knowledge continuously, it can transform the valuable intelligence into information which can provide continuous competitive edge to the organization. There are several factors of the foundation of the learning organizations, which includes knowledge, experience and other data, which can transform the organization. With knowledge management, information can be classified, stored, shared, and recycled. According to Taylor Joudrey (2017), the knowledge management can be very beneficial to the consulting companies. The consultants provide several services, such as managing, analyzing, diagnosis, and giving advices to the business management. The business consultancy services can also be provided if there is proficiency in a specific skill. It is important that the consulting firm has the professional knowledge for providing services or the firm has the ability to pursue investigation and analysis of the organization status. It should be capable of proposing corrective actions and suggestions to the organization, and have recommendations to improve the productivity of the organization. In the views of Taylor Joudrey (2017), knowledge organization must possess the professional knowledge and the capability. They should also possess the intent and the ambition to enhance their professional knowledge. The management consultant enterprises should possess the knowledge and the capability, so that the overall capability of the organization can be enhanced. It can be critiqued, that the consultants should possess significant amount of knowledge for developing the professional services. Method The interview method is chosen for the present research. It is a qualitative research method, in which, the people the information collected, is qualitative in nature. The sample size of the research is 3, which means that the interview will be collected from three people. A semi-structured interview will be conducted with the research participants. The research participants will be senior managers in the consulting companies. It means that the interview questions will not be formed beforehand; however, the direction of the research study will be fixed previously. The qualitative type of information defines the category, in which the information cannot be analyzed through the statistical methods. It is also a primary method of data collection. It means that the data collected cannot be analyzed through statistical methods. Therefore, the thematic analysis method will be used for analyzing the data. In this method, different themes are developed and data is analyzed under each theme. The data collected from the respondents is analyzed for the similarity and the data with similar themes are kept under theme. Data Analysis The knowledge management can offer core competency and increased efficiency to the people. In the present section, the thematic analysis method is used for the analysis if the research subject. Importance of Consulting Companies for business Solutions The consulting services are provided to the customers to provide knowledge, and solutions to the issues of the customers. The task assigned to the organization is to source the knowledge and experience of the consulting companies. The consultant performs his service, use the related knowledge, and the experience to address the issues of their organization. The consultants analyze the problem; accumulate all the relevant information pertaining to the problem. Therefore, the consultant companies put emphasis on the necessity of the knowledge that a consultant must have. Types of services provided by the Consultant Companies Most of the respondents have cited that there is a specific service set, which a consultant must provide. The consultants must have specific professional knowledge; have the ability to identify the issues in the professional and the functional dimension. The consultants should be provided with adequate information regarding the solutions to the problems. Other than that, there are two different aspects, namely, professional dimension and the functional dimension of the organization. The professional dimension refers to the scope of services related to the broadness, familiarity, and the specialty of the employee regarding a specific skill. In the above definition, broadness refers to the range of services provided to the customers. The familiarity refers to the certain functional diagnosis services (Galliers, Leidner, 2014). Other than that, the specialty indicates that the competence of the organization for a specific enterprise. The functional dimension refers to all the services provided by the management consultant companies. The above views can also be supported by the literature, which states that the focus of the management consulting is to offer value-added elements to the customers. The management consulting companies should provide the solutions to the customers requirements. The services provided to the customers include the collection of the information, converting the information and applying it to create valuable information, which can be used for solving the problem of the organization (Okike Mbero, 2015). It can be critiqued that the purpose of the knowledge management is to provide efficient services to the customers by creating valuable intelligence for the organization. As per the views of Dalkir Beaulieu (2017), the organizations use all the available information, and use it to provide the customers with suggestions. The creation of valuable information can be achieved by the knowledge management. Importance of Knowledge Management for the Consultancy Service Providers Companies Interview findings state that the knowledge management is a significant aspect of the knowledge management companies. The consulting business enterprises should provide the customers with the experiences, knowledge, and the solution so that the problems of the customers can be addressed. The customers identify a problem within his organization, and the consulting companies address it. However, solving the issues requires adequate source of knowledge and providing the customers with adequate experience. The respondents have cited that when the consultants are offering his services, he can use the accumulated knowledge and experience through the accumulation of the knowledge. Another respondent has stated that the consulting companies play a significant role in offering services to the customers. Therefore, it is important that the professional service providers must collect and compile all the relevant information required for providing professional services. However, it is important that the information necessary for the organization must be synthesized, so that the valuable information can be extracted from the bulk amount of information. In the same essence, Alavi Leidner (2001) has discussed that the substantial and the beneficial information can be extracted through the review and the refinement process. The most valuable services can be provided to the customers, only when important information is compiled in the organization. It is one of the most important factors for the knowledge-intensive organizations. The service provider companies actually provide knowledge for addressing the problems in the business enterprises. Therefore, they are the knowledge-intensive enterprises and require efficient use of knowledge management for dealing with the organization. As per the views of the respondents, the success of the knowledge intensive enterprises is dependent upon the knowledge management, business operations and the efficient use of digital mediums. Today is the information age, and the knowledge is going to replace the machine, equipment, raw material, and labor. It is an intangible property, and the knowledge management can replace the enterprise resource planning. Knowledge Management in Information Consulting Companies With the advent of service-based and information consulting companies, a knowledge economy has developed in which knowledge will be the key factor in the economy. In the information consultancy companies, the knowledge and the experience is shared with the customers. There are several sources of information for the knowledge management companies. The information is not only collected from the outside sources; however, it can also be collected through the interactions of the organizations members. One of the respondents has discussed that the information can be propagated and accumulated through wisdom. This wisdom can be constructed by the use of the professional knowledge. It is the foundation of the information consulting companies. In the views of Wang, Noe Wang (2014), knowledge and the wisdom are essential in developing the competitiveness of the enterprises. Conclusion The knowledge management is essential in information consulting companies. These organizations provide consultancy services to the customers. Most of the customers are business enterprises, which are facing some kind of business issues. These information consulting companies are facing issues related to the efficient use of knowledge for addressing the business issues of the organization. The research has discussed the importance of knowledge management for the business organizations. The past knowledge is important for the organizations, as the different businesses face the same business issues. The interview method has been used to collect the information related to the importance of knowledge management in information consulting firms. It has been identified that the knowledge management is important in increasing the efficiency and the productivity References Alavi, M., Leidner, D. E. (2001). Knowledge management and knowledge management systems: Conceptual foundations and research issues.MIS quarterly, 107-136. Belton, V., Stewart, T. (2002). Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis: An Integrated Approach. Springer Science Business Media. Castaneda-Mendez, K. (2012). What's Your Problem? Identifying and Solving the Five Types of Process Problems. CRC Press. Dalkir, K., Beaulieu, M. (2017).Knowledge management in theory and practice. MIT press. Dalkir, K., Beaulieu, M. (2017).Knowledge management in theory and practice. MIT press. Donate, M. J., de Pablo, J. D. S. (2015). The role of knowledge-oriented leadership in knowledge management practices and innovation.Journal of Business Research,68(2), 360-370. Du Plessis, M. (2007). The role of knowledge management in innovation.Journal of knowledge management,11(4), 20-29. Esper, T. L., Ellinger, A. E., Stank, T. P., Flint, D. J., Moon, M. (2010). Demand and supply integration: a conceptual framework of value creation through knowledge management.Journal of the Academy of marketing Science,38(1), 5-18. Galliers, R. D., Leidner, D. E. (Eds.). (2014).Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Gibbert, M., Leibold, M., Probst, G. (2002). Five styles of customer knowledge management, and how smart companies use them to create value.European Management Journal,20(5), 459-469. Gold, A. H., Malhotra, A., Segars, A. H. (2001). Knowledge management: An organizational capabilities perspective.Journal of management information systems,18(1), 185-214. Grover, R., Froese, T. M. (2016). Knowledge management in construction using a SocioBIM platform: A case study of AYO smart home project.Procedia Engineering,145, 1283-1290. Kwong, Y. M. (2016).The Role of Knowledge Management in Entrepreneur Venture(Doctoral dissertation, UTAR). Okike, E. U., Mbero, Z. A. (2015). Information Technology (IT) Knowledge Management system stage model: A proposal for today's workplace.International Journal of Computer Science Issues (IJCSI),12(5), 193. Power, D. J., Sharda, R., Burstein, F. (2015).Decision support systems. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Sveiby, K. E., Simons, R. (2002). Collaborative climate and effectiveness of knowledge workan empirical study.Journal of knowledge Management,6(5), 420-433. Taylor, A. G., Joudrey, D. N. (2017).The organization of information. ABC-CLIO. Tsai, C. H., Chang, C. L., Chen, L. (2006). A case study of knowledge management implementation for information consulting company.International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management,14(3), 60-78. Wang, S., Noe, R. A., Wang, Z. M. (2014). Motivating knowledge sharing in knowledge management systems: A quasifield experiment.Journal of Management,40(4), 978-1009

The light in my Darkness Essay Example

The light in my Darkness Paper Assignment Compare the two passages. Comment on layout, subject and style of writing and language. Both pieces of writing are about being a hostage, one to the sea and the other to men. The first article is for the newspaper The Independent, its a broadsheet which is published daily, and its considered to be a conservative newspaper. The other article is for Readers Digest a weekly magazine aimed for intellectuals, it can only be bought by subscription. Since they are different, they are adapted to accommodate the different preferences of their readers.To compare the two pieces I will separate the three tasks into different paragraphs. In the subject you can find some similarities such as both were kept against their will in some place. Both are true stories of extreme survival. Bullimore the survivor in The Independent is able to withhold on his boat for four days the 60 ft waves of the Pacific Ocean. Waite the survivor in The Readers Digest stays captive 1,763 in a cell. The mental and physical conditions of both survivors are transmitted by the different types of language and style of writing.The styles of writing and language of these two pieces of journalism are very different, mainly because they have different readers. We will write a custom essay sample on The light in my Darkness specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The light in my Darkness specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The light in my Darkness specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The first article written as a heroic piece of journalism, it glorifies the survival of Tony Bullimore. This is achieved by the writer using words that transmit tension to the reader. he described the horrific conditions that he had endured. Faced with danger The second article is a breath-taking experience happening to someone then writing his feelings, emotions and the actual experience.The style of writing is linked to the media in which its published. The tone, initial ideas, writing styles, structure contributes to give out big contrasts between the two Medias. The first article has a big picture of the rescue, with huge waves; the picture is near the centre of the page, making it a noticeable picture. The second article doesnt have any illustration of any kind but using long and descriptive sentences he can produce a better replica of how really conditions were like.Description like total darkness, metal sheet covers the window, thin foam mattress my candle splutters creates the atmosphere of the prisoners cell. The titles and sub-headings are also different, the first the title is Thank God-its a miracle shows how the article portrays the ordeal as a miraculous escape. The attitude of the piece is that of a sensatationalist reporting. The sub-headings follow the same style and they all start with The which suggests how big this rescue is, its not just a rescue its The Rescue.On the other hand The light in my Darkness, the title of the second article tells how different the two are. There is an imagery in the title, its an antithesis, this shows that the readers of that media should be a bit more developed intellectually. The broadsheet uses a persuasive, survival and heroic language; by this I mean that during the whole article its always glorifying Bullimore. This language is a constant build-up of Bullimores ordeal.To make the article more reliable and believable the reporter uses the opinions of clinical specialists like Dr Howard Oakley of the institute of Naval Medicine, the author uses quotes of these specialists to make it more believable. As I have said before the article only glorifies him isnt true, there is a human side of the story and a side of some luck and not just professionalism. Using Bullimore s own words makes the article even more real, it creates the human side of the story. The second article uses a more emotional and descriptive type of language, the author of the second article wants to show his suffering.He is always describing his state of mind and his environment. I have been interrogated, beaten and endured a mock execution shows just how much he suffers. Some readers may find repulsive the constant glorification of the hostage. The tense also plays a role in the way the articles make there points. In the first article it uses the past tense I had to find myself a spot as high as possible , I took a few deep breaths, I started shouting, all this add to the feeling that its happened but thank god its over.This is nothing like the second article because the second article uses the present tense I cant see, I am being held, I climbed under a blanket all this creates an unavoidable atmosphere of fear and trauma. It makes the reader aware that he probably is still passing the horrendous experience. To finish off the layout is another very important aspect that we must comment on, at a first glance the differences are evident, the titles, sub-titles, images all that the first has but the second only has a significant title.The article in The Independent has the typical layout of that of a broadsheet article. Many paragraphs and columns all are used to make the article more reader friendly and more eye-catching. These things must be used in a broadsheet so that its successful. The other article uses only a large title and a sub-title underneath it then just consists of paragraphs and prose no quotes or images like the first article. It has nothing that is eye-catching for the reader. This means that even without the eye-catching factors it is still read.

Sample Outline of an Expository Essay

Sample Outline of an Expository EssayIn order to write an effective expository essay, it is very important to create a sample outline of an expository essay. You should be able to find a sample outline of an expository essay that can be used to guide you in creating your own.Writing a sample outline of an expository essay can be a very helpful tool that will allow you to know what you need to do to write a good essay for the purpose of the class or for this particular essay. By using this guide, you will be able to formulate a lot of your ideas and organize them.The first thing that you need to do when looking for a sample outline of an expository essay is to write a proposal. This is basically a statement that tells the teacher about what you are going to do. It tells him or her what topics that you want to cover and what kind of essay that you would like to write. For example, you may want to write a proposal that involves a project that you would like to get involved in.Next, you should write a brief synopsis of the content that you are going to present. What this means is that you should tell the teacher the main point that you want to make as well as what the reason that you would like to make the passage.The key to writing a good essay for the class is to get the teacher to see what you are going to say through a description of the material that you have been discussing. It is important that you take a look at the written exam so that you can start identifying the right points that you are going to write about.The next important note that you need to pay attention to is the introduction. This section should tell the reader about who you are and how you arrived at the conclusion that you are about to present. It should also tell the reader what the subject matter is and why it is important for the essay to be given.Finally, you should tell the reader about the main points of the essay. For example, you may want to make a big announcement, or make a point t hat you would like to explore in more detail later on. Although you will need to write the introduction, the important thing is that you will be able to know what you want to say.

Hegemony and Ideology

Hegemony and Ideology The media plays a pivotal role in defining the world and providing models for appropriate behavior and attitudes. Ideology has a link with concepts such as belief system, worldview and values, but is broader in context. The media is considered to be an avenue through which dissemination of ideology takes place. Hence, this is one reason why the media is often a subject of political debate.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Hegemony and Ideology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The media is deemed a root of social evils and problems. In his campaign trail of 2000, President George W. Bush alleged that school violence was due to â€Å"dark dungeons of evil on the internet† (Kornblut and Scales cited in Croteau Hoynes 2003). Also, politicians from across the political realm blamed violent video games for the tragic shootings at Colorado Columbine High School in 1999. The media thus is perceived to sell both ideas and products and this paper will discuss how the media effectively achieves this by paying attention to ideology and hegemony. As shown by Marx and Frankfurt, ideology yields positive results by indicating that social power is operational via the cultural realm of society. People are grouped into social networks of oppression and subordination by ideological systems (Cottle 2000). Marxists often talk of ideology as a belief system used by those in power to justify their actions though distortion and misrepresentation of reality. Media uses ideology as a means to define and explain the world, and make value inferences on this world. Ideology in media does not focus on specific activities shown in newspapers, songs, or movies, rather it is interested in the broader system made up by such activities. Compatibility of images and words in a certain media text, thoughts and definitions of cultural and social issues are fundamental in ideological analysis (Croteau Hoynes 2003). Despite th e fact that mass media texts are comprehended ideologically as means of communication that have a higher regard for some set of ideas and not others, an explicit description of media ideology remains limited. Hegemony on the other hand deals with predominant influence of one group over other groups/group.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fiske defined hegemony as â€Å"exertion of a nation’s ideological and social, rather than military or coercive, power over another nation† (Fiske 1998, 310). In contemporary cultural society, hegemony is the dynamic means used by a dominant class to obtain and win the consent of the subordinate class. Ideology is very powerful because it is the means through which dominance of hegemonic institutions is gained. Therefore, consent should be won and re-won because courageous individuals may possess alternative ideologies that make them rebellious to hegemonic ones. Ideology, therefore, is integral in enabling a ruling, hegemonic institutions propagate the required consent for dominance. Media texts are seen as fundamental sites to basic social norms. This is because they play a role in depicting appropriate roles of men and women, employers and their employees, and parents and children. By so doing, the media disseminates the ideologies governing roles by various kinds of people. Ideology is fundamental in reinforcing perceptions and ideas in the minds of the audiences but, for it to have the powerful effect of changing these perceptions and ideas, a hegemonic aspect is essential. Media audiences define their being, and through such means social demarcation prevails. The U.S. cultural historians: Todd Gitlin and Williams, and British cultural studies headed by Stuart Hall, have applied false consciousness as the anticipated end product of hegemony. Hegemony has been deemed as the domination, via ide ology, of the ruling class and development of popular consent by Antonio Gramsci, an Italian Marxist. Hegemony is a concept that integrates persuasion from the dominant classes and consent from the dominated classes. It is used by Gitlin and other scientists to explain the process of the capitalisms promotion. Gitlins study implies that supremacy is maintained when those people who are responsible for the process can easily present the explanations of the subjects under consideration. The ruling class controls ideological space and restricts the thinking of society. The minor/dominated class ignorantly takes part in their domination as hegemony becomes a part of their daily routines and ideas (Gitlin 1980).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Hegemony and Ideology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Media sites have become a site where cultural contests are staged. This is due to the varying ideological perspectives, which are a representation of different interests varying in power that creates a kind of conflict and struggles within media texts. Hegemony is not all about ideological domination; rather, it operates by using common sense while making assumptions on social life and terrain of things accepted as natural, or conventional. Gramsci says that by shaping commonsense assumptions, effective rule is achieved (1971). Common sense is the way that people conceive and perceive things without the need of critical evaluation. A young woman watches a sitcom on television each evening. The characters on this program, her favorite show, are young, thin, Caucasian, and attractive. She is also young, attractive, and Caucasian; watching the program informs and reinforces her perceptions of her successful appearance, her sense of belonging, and her identity as part of her generation (Gray 2005). Most people are not aware of how presentations of television are developed. The decision by consumers on any pro gram and advertisement is influenced by various parties and institutions. According to Marxist theorists, such parties and institutions are deemed to possess power and privilege. Ideology is useful in understanding contemporary media because it focuses on compatibility of hegemonic ideology with personal or societal ideologies. However, hegemony is more useful because it has an influential role that persuades the audience thereby creating dominance. The ability of the media’s hegemonic ideology to influence the ideology of an individual leads to subordination. Otherwise, hegemony alone is not enough to wage subordination because through hegemonic ideology, the dominated class engages in its domination without realizing it. In the excerpt given above, the ability of the media to shape and reinforce the ideology of the young woman creates a kind of subordination to the program. According to Althusser, ideology is the link between imaginary thinking with real existence: material existence (Althusser 1969, 296). Stuart Hall is one of the contemporary cultural and media critic rooted in Althusserian framework of ideology, and believes that audiences will accept some ideas and reject others depending on their individual differences, particular beliefs and cultural circumstances (Hall 2001).Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hall regularly contours this scenario in his encoding-decoding typology that postulates the encoding of messages with their unique meanings by the sender, and the decoding of these messages by the audiences (2001). The audiences accept some of these meanings, develop new meanings, and reject some of the desired meanings. Postmodern Marxists embrace Gramscian hegemony characterized by persuasion of individuals and social classes to accept social values and norms of an exploitative system (Gramsci 1971). In the contemporary social world, there are conflicting ideologies as mentioned earlier on. As a result, hegemony comes in and plays an essential role in influencing the decision of the audience. Gramsci describes hegemony as a form of social power that is dependent on voluntarism and willing participation and is seen as common sense that governs people’s understanding of the world (Gramsci 1971, 333). Integration of hegemony in ideology is what defines and helps to understand contemporary media. Individuals, who are lovers of romantic novels and films, begin watching the movie with their certain ideologies in mind, but at the end of the novel or film, their ideologies become influenced and changed via hegemony. In a story of â€Å"I Followed My Dream† (True Romance 1980 cited in Williams 1977), the hegemony of patriarchy influences and changes the feminist ideas of a young woman. The character in this story possesses feminist ideas that guide her thinking. She does not intend to get married to a Chauvinist, who will just regard her as a servant. However, she falls in love and actually performs wifely duties as required of her. This story is influential to the audience, and is an indication of hegemonic ideology. The main theoretical concept that governs contemporary ideology of media is hegemony. Hegemony encompasses culture, power and ideology. The media is perceived to possess a powerful hegemony over the audience thus making them less independe nt. Freedom of the press, which is leading slogan in almost all media stations, should be understood to mean ‘power of the press’. The media has had a powerful influential role on the audiences. Several instances include the rise of nationalism in Serbia (Meeuwis 1993), inciting ethnic hatred in Rwanda and South Africa, as well as triggering the post-election violence in Kenya. Despite the fact that the media depicts various ideologies, hegemony is very imperative in contemporary media as far as power, dominance and influence are concerned. In the Contemporary American society, the media has been referred to as a center of culture wars against fundamental issues related to morality (Hunter 1991). There are struggles over morality and values as the media tries to persuade audiences to accept the images being disseminated. The nomination of Eminem’s album ‘The Marshall Mathers LP’ in the year 2001 stirred up a lot of controversy as a result of the angr y and violent lyrics by the rapper in his depictions of gays, women and lesbians. The media has become the avenue through which change in lifestyle, sexuality and behavior is propagated, and persuades the audiences. Right now, the issue of single motherhood has been swept under the rug just because the media has shown it as acceptable thus most women nowadays are becoming single out of mere choice (Croteau Hoynes 2003). In addition, the Third World countries have been imposed on by the Western countries in terms of clothing, diet, body size, lifestyle, etc. via the media. Hegemonic ideology has been very influential in changing people’s (audiences’) ways and thoughts. The media is an area where change is inevitable noticed, from ideological sense to hegemony. The media, therefore, is a powerful tool that greatly influences the thinking and behavior of the audience. The media is able to perform this role through hegemony/dominant ideology. Hegemonic ideology is able to influence the audiences, making them less independent such that they rely on the media for guidance. This is the reason why the media has been blamed for change and dilution of social norms and especially in Third World countries. References Althusser, L 1998, ‘Ideology and ideological state apparatuses’, in Rivkin, J Ryan, M (eds.), Literary theory: An anthology, Blackwell Publishers, Malden, pp. 294-304. Cottle, S (ed.) 2000, Ethnic Minorities and the Media: Changing Cultural Boundaries, Open University Press, Buckingham. Croteau, D Hoynes, W 2003, Media Society: Industries, Images, and Audiences, Sage Publications, Inc., California. Fiske, J 1998, ‘Culture, ideology and interpellation’, in Rivkin J Ryan M (eds.), Literary theory: An anthology, Blackwell Publishers, Malden, pp. 305-311. Gitlin, T 1980, The Whole World is Watching: Mass Media in the Making and Unmaking of the Left, University of California Press, Berkeley. Gray, JB 2005, ‘Althuss er, Ideology, and Theoretical Foundations: Theory and Communication’, Journal of New Media Culture, 3, 1, ibiblio.org/nmediac/winter2004/gray.html. Gramsci, A 1971, Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci, International Publishers, New York. Hall, S 2001, ‘Encoding decoding’, in Durham, MG Kellner, DM (eds.), Media and cultural studies: Key works, Blackwell Publishers, Malden, pp. 166-176. Hunter, JD 1991, Culture Wars, Basic Books, New York. Meeuwis, M 1993, ‘Nationalist Ideology in News Reporting on the Yugoslav Crisis: A Pragmatic Analysis’, Journal of Pragmatics 20, 3, 217-237. Williams, R 1977, Marxism and Literature, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Definition and Examples of Crots in Composition

Definition and Examples of Crots in Composition In composition, a crot is a verbal bit or fragment used as an autonomous unit to create an effect of abruptness and rapid transition. Also called a blip. In  An Alternate Style: Options in Composition  (1980), Winston Weathers described crot  as an archaic word for bit or fragment. The term, he said, was revived by  American essayist and novelist  Tom Wolfe in his introduction to  The Secret Life of Our Times  (Doubleday, 1973). This is one of the few great ways that a fragment sentence can be used effectively - they are often used in poetry but can be used in other forms of literature as well. Examples and Observations in Literature New Years Eve on Broadway. 1931. The poets dream. The bootleggers heaven. The hat check girls julep of joy. Lights. Love. Laughter. Tickets. Taxis. Tears. Bad booze putting hics into hicks and bills into tills. Sadness. Gladness. Madness. New Years Eve on Broadway.(Mark Hellinger, New Years Eve on Broadway. Moon Over Broadway, 1931)The Crots of Mr. JingleAh! fine place, said the stranger, glorious pile - frowning walls - tottering arches - dark nooks - crumbling staircases - Old cathedral too - earthy smell - pilgrims feet worn away the old steps - little Saxon doors - confessionals like money-takers boxes at theatres - queer customers those monks - Popes, and Lord Treasurers, and all sorts of old fellows, with great red faces, and broken noses, turning up every day - buff jerkins too - matchlocks - Sarcophagus - fine place - old legends too - strange stories: capital and the stranger continued to soliloquize until they reached the Bull Inn, in the High Street, where the coach stopped.(Alfred Jingle in Charles Dickens, The Pickwick Papers, 1837) Coetzees CrotsWhat absorbs them is power and the stupor of power. Eating and talking, munching lives, belching. Slow, heavy-bellied talk. Sitting in a circle, debating ponderously, issuing degrees like hammer blows: death, death, death. Untroubled by the stench. Heavy eyelids, piggish eyes, shrewd with the shrewdness of generations of peasants. Plotting against each other too: slow peasant plots that take decades to mature. The new Africans, pot-bellied, heavy-jowled men on their stools of office: Cetshwayo, Dingane in white skins. Pressing downward: their power in their weight.(J.M. Coetzee, The Age of Iron, 1990)Crots in PoetryAh to be aliveon a mid-September mornfording a streambarefoot, pants rolled up,holding boots, pack on,sunshine, ice in the shallows,northern rockies.(Gary Snyder, For All)Crots in AdvertisingTell England. Tell the world. Eat more Oats.  Take Care of your Complexion. No More War. Shine your Shoes with Shino. Ask your Grocer. Children love Laxamalt.  Prepar e to meet thy God. Bungs Beer is Better. Try Dogsbodys Sausages. Whoosh the Dust Away. Give them Crunchlets. Snagsburys Soups are Best for the Troops.  Morning Star, best Paper by Far. Vote for Punkin and Protect your Profits. Stop that Sneeze with Snuffo. Flush your Kidneys with Fizzlets. Flush your Drains with Sanfect. Wear Wool-fleece next the Skin. Popps Pills Pep you Up. Whiffle your Way to Fortune. . . .Advertise, or go under.(Dorothy Sayers, Murder Must Advertise, 1933) Menckens CrotsTwenty million voters with IQs below 60 have their ears glued to the radio; it takes four days hard work to concoct a speech without a sensible word in it. Next day a dam must be opened somewhere. Four senators get drunk and try to neck a lady politician built like an overloaded tramp steamer. The Presidential automobile runs over a dog. It rains.(H.L. Mencken, Imperial Purple)Updikes CrotsFootprints around a KEEP OFF sign.Two pigeons feeding each other.Two showgirls, whose faces had not yet thawed the frost of their makeup, treading indignantly through the slush.A plump old man saying Chick, chick and feeding peanuts to squirrels.Many solitary men throwing snowballs at tree trunks.Many birds calling to each other about how little the Ramble has changed.One red mitten lying lost under a poplar tree.An airplane, very bright and distant, slowly moving through the branches of a sycamore.(John Updike, Central Park)Winston Weathers and Tom Wolfe on Crots- In its most intense form, the crot is characterized by a certain abruptness in its termination. As each crot breaks off, Tom Wolfe says, it tends to make ones mind search for some point that must have just been made- presque vu!- almost seen! In the hands of a writer who really understands the device, it will have you making crazy leaps of logic, leaps you never dreamed of before.The provenance of the crot may well be in the writers note itselfin the research note, in the sentence or two one jots down to record a moment or an idea or to describe a person or place. The crot is essentially the note left free of verbal ties with other surrounding notes. . . .The general idea of unrelatedness present in crot writing suggests correspondence- for those who seek it- with the fragmentation and even egalitarianism of contemporary experience, wherein the events personalities, places of life have no particular superior or inferior status to dictate priorities of presentation.(Winston Weathers, An Alternate Style : Options in Composition. Boynton/Cook, 1980) Bangs manes bouffants beehives Beatle caps butter faces brush-on lashes decal eyes puffy sweaters French thrust bras flailing leather blue jeans stretch pants stretch jeans honeydew bottoms eclair shanks elf boots ballerina Knight slippers.(Tom Wolfe, The Girl of the Year. The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby, 1965)MontagePart of the power of moving images comes from the technique [Sergei] Eisenstein championed: montage. Here the tables turn in the contest between the novel and moving images, for in switching rapidly between perspectives, it is those who share their imaginations with us by writing who are at a disadvantage.Because writers must work to make each view they present believable, it is very difficult for them to present a rapid series of such views. Dickens, with his marvelous alertness, succeeds as well as any writer has: the whistling of drovers, the barking of dogs, the bellowing and plunging of oxen, the bleating of sheep, the grunting and squealing of pig s; the cries of the hawkers, the shouts, oaths, and quarrelling on all sides [Oliver Twist]. But when attempting to capture the energy and chaos of this stunning and bewildering market-morning scene, Dickens is often reduced to lists: Countrymen, drovers, butchers, hawkers, boys, thieves, idlers, and vagabonds of every low grade or crowding, pushing, driving, beating, whooping and yelling.(Mitchell Stephens, The Rise of the Image, the Fall of the Word. Oxford University Press, 1998) See also: Collage EssayIn Defense of Fragments,  Crots, and Verbless SentencesListMinor SentenceSentence FragmentSuite Amà ©ricaine, by H.L. MenckenUsing Sentence Fragments EffectivelyVerbless SentenceWhat Is a Sentence?